Hygiene Products Glossary

Plain-language definitions of the materials, structures, performance metrics, product types and certifications used across baby diapers, sanitary pads and wipes. Updated as our library grows.

Raw Materials & Ingredients 48

材料与成分——技术/成分党与 B2B 供应链检索主力

75% Medical Alcohol 75% medical alcohol is a 75% alcohol-water solution, the standard concentration for disinfecting wipes because it denatures proteins effectively without evaporating too fast. Absorbent Core The absorbent core is the central layer of a diaper or pad that stores liquid, typically a blend of fluff pulp and superabsorbent polymer. Airlaid Paper Airlaid paper is a dry-laid absorbent web made from fluff pulp and binders, used in thin sanitary pad cores for fast acquisition. Aloe Vera Extract Aloe vera extract is a plant-based ingredient used in wipes and diaper topsheets to moisturize skin and reduce friction during cleaning. APG (Alkyl Polyglycoside) APG (alkyl polyglycoside) is a mild, plant-derived surfactant used in wipes and cleansers, effective at cleaning with low skin irritation. Bamboo Fiber Bamboo fiber is a plant-derived cellulose fiber used in wipes and diaper materials for softness, breathability and a lower environmental footprint. Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC) Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a gentle quaternary ammonium disinfectant used in alcohol-free sanitizing wipes, effective against many germs without skin-drying alcohol. Breathable Backsheet The backsheet is the outer waterproof layer of a diaper or pad; breathable versions let moisture vapor escape while blocking liquid. Calendula Extract Calendula extract is a botanical known for soothing and skin-repairing properties, used in diaper rash creams and sensitive-skin wipes. Chamomile Extract Chamomile extract is a botanical ingredient with anti-inflammatory properties, added to wipes and diaper care products to soothe irritated skin. Citric Acid Citric acid is a weak organic acid used in wipe liquids to adjust pH toward the skin’s natural slightly acidic level (about 5.5). Cottony Soft Topsheet A cottony topsheet is a soft, nonwoven pad surface that feels gentle against skin, preferred by sensitive users over mesh surfaces. Dry-Mesh Topsheet A dry-mesh topsheet is a perforated film pad surface that lets liquid pass through quickly and stay below, keeping the surface dry — ideal for heavy flow. EDI Purified Water EDI (electrodeionization) water is ultra-purified water produced by an electrically driven ion-exchange process, used in premium baby wipes for purity. Elastics (Elastane / Spandex) Elastics (spandex/elastane threads) are stretch materials in diaper waistbands and leg cuffs that provide a snug, leak-proof fit while staying gentle on skin. Fastening System The fastening system is the tape-tab and landing-zone mechanism that holds a taped diaper closed and adjustable around the waist. Fluff Pulp Fluff pulp is a wood-pulp-based absorbent material made from cellulose fibers, used in traditional diaper cores to absorb and distribute liquid quickly. Fluorescent Agent (Brightener) Fluorescent agents (brighteners) make materials look whiter by absorbing UV and emitting blue light; detectable migration of these agents is banned in hygiene products. Formaldehyde-Free Formaldehyde-free means a product contains no detectable free formaldehyde, avoiding a known irritant and allergen in hygiene products. Glycerin Glycerin is a humectant added to wipe liquids to attract and hold moisture, keeping the skin hydrated during cleaning. High-AAP SAP High-AAP SAP is superabsorbent polymer engineered to retain liquid under pressure, keeping diapers dry when a baby sits or lies on them. High-SFC SAP High-SFC SAP keeps liquid flowing through swollen gel, preventing gel blocking and ensuring the whole core absorbs evenly. Hook and Loop Fasteners Hook-and-loop fasteners are the tape tabs on diapers that fasten securely and allow repeated opening and re-fastening for fit adjustments. Hot Melt Adhesive Hot melt adhesive is a thermoplastic glue applied molten that bonds diaper and pad layers instantly on cooling, used for structure, elastics and tabs. Hydrophilic Nonwoven A hydrophilic nonwoven is a fabric treated or engineered to absorb and transmit liquid quickly, used as topsheets and acquisition layers in diapers and pads. Hydrophobic Nonwoven A hydrophobic nonwoven is a fabric that repels liquid instead of absorbing it, used for leak barriers like leg cuffs and backsheets in hygiene products. Leg Cuffs Leg cuffs are elasticated barriers along the inner legs of a diaper that prevent liquid and solid waste from leaking sideways. Meltblown Nonwoven Meltblown nonwoven is a fabric made from very fine melt-extruded fibers, offering softness, filtration and barrier properties, used in SMS composites and premium layers. Methylchloroisothiazolinone (CMIT) CMIT is a preservative closely related to MIT; it is a strong skin sensitizer, often restricted or banned in baby and leave-on hygiene products. Methylisothiazolinone (MIT) MIT is a preservative used in wet wipes; it is a potent skin sensitizer, so it is banned or strictly limited in baby wipes and leave-on products. Micro-porous Film Micro-porous film is a plastic film with microscopic pores that allow vapor passage while blocking liquid, the core technology behind breathable backsheets. Nonwoven Fabric Nonwoven fabric is a textile-like sheet made directly from fibers bonded by mechanical, thermal or chemical means, without weaving or knitting. Organic Cotton Organic cotton is cotton grown without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers, used in premium pads, diaper topsheets and wipes for sensitive skin. PE Breathable Film PE breathable film is a polyethylene backsheet layer that blocks liquid while allowing water vapor to escape, keeping diapers leak-proof yet breathable. pH 5.5 Formulation pH 5.5 formulation matches the skin's natural slightly acidic pH, supporting the skin barrier and reducing irritation in wipes, pads and cleansers. Phenoxyethanol Phenoxyethanol is a mild preservative used in wipes and cosmetics, effective against microbes with a low allergy profile when used at safe concentrations. Preservatives in Wipes Preservatives in wipes prevent microbial growth in the liquid phase; choosing low-sensitization preservatives matters for baby and sensitive-skin formulas. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Quaternary ammonium compounds (quats/QAC) are a class of cationic disinfectants used in alcohol-free sanitizing wipes, effective against many bacteria and viruses. RO Purified Water RO (reverse osmosis) water is water purified by pressure-forcing it through a semipermeable membrane, removing bacteria, minerals and impurities for wipe formulas. SMS Nonwoven SMS nonwoven is a three-layer composite — spunbond, meltblown, spunbond — combining strength, softness and a barrier, used in leak-proof diaper structures. Spandex Elastic (Elastane) Spandex (elastane) is the stretch fiber in diaper waistbands and leg cuffs, engineered for a snug, leak-proof fit without leaving marks. Spunbond Nonwoven Spunbond nonwoven is a fabric made by extruding and bonding continuous polymer filaments, used for structural layers like backsheets and covers in hygiene products. Spunlace Nonwoven Spunlace nonwoven is a fabric made by entangling fibers with high-pressure water jets, producing soft, strong, lint-free material ideal for wipes. Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) is a material that can absorb and retain hundreds of times its own weight in liquid, forming a gel. Topsheet The topsheet is the soft, skin-facing layer of a diaper or pad that lets liquid pass through quickly and resists rewetting. Unscented Unscented means a product contains no added fragrance, reducing the risk of allergic reactions and skin irritation — a key attribute for sensitive-skin products. Wetness Indicator A wetness indicator is a color-changing strip on a diaper that signals when the diaper is wet. Xylitol Xylitol is a food-grade sweetener and humectant added to hand-and-mouth wipes for a mild pleasant taste and moisture retention, safe for oral contact.

Structures & Performance 30

产品结构、性能指标与测试方法

360-Degree Elastic Waistband A 360-degree elastic waistband stretches around the entire waist, providing all-around containment that reduces back leaks during sleep and movement. AAP (Absorbency Under Pressure) AAP (Absorbency Under Pressure) measures how much liquid SAP retains while under a load (simulating a baby sitting), reflecting real-world lock-in performance. Absorption Rate Absorption rate measures how quickly a diaper or pad takes in liquid — usually time to absorb a set volume (e.g., first 10ml), indicating leak-resistance under fast flow. Acquisition Time Acquisition time is how many seconds a set volume of liquid takes to fully penetrate into a diaper's core — faster means less surface pooling and leakage. ADL (Acquisition Distribution Layer) The ADL is a bulky layer under a diaper or pad topsheet that quickly acquires liquid and distributes it across the core, preventing pooling and leaks. Air Permeability Air permeability is how easily air passes through a nonwoven or film, indicating breathability that reduces heat and moisture buildup in diapers and pads. Breathability Breathability is how easily air and moisture vapor pass through a diaper's materials, reducing heat and wetness buildup that can cause rash. Composite Core (3rd Generation) A composite (3rd generation) core is a wood-pulp-free absorbent core using SAP bonded in nonwoven layers, enabling ultra-thin, anti-clumping diaper designs. Core Clumping Core clumping is when a diaper's absorbent core breaks into lumps after use, causing discomfort, sagging and uneven absorbency. Core Fracturing Core fracturing is the absorbent core breaking into separate sections or gaps during use, causing uneven absorption and potential leak paths. CRC (Centrifuge Retention Capacity) CRC (Centrifuge Retention Capacity) measures how much liquid SAP retains after centrifuge spinning, indicating the gel's base absorption capacity. Dryness Index The dryness index is a measure of how dry a diaper surface stays after absorption, combining rewet testing and surface moisture assessment. Elastic Waistband An elastic waistband is the stretchable band around a diaper's waist that ensures a snug fit, prevents back leaks and moves with the baby. FlexFoam (Flexible Foam Core) FlexFoam is a flexible foam absorbent core technology used in premium pads — thin, shape-adaptive and resistant to clumping or shifting. Fluff-SAP Core A fluff-SAP core blends wood-pulp fluff with superabsorbent polymer granules — fast wicking from fluff plus high retention from SAP in a traditional core design. Fluorescent Brightener A fluorescent brightener (optical brightener) makes materials appear whiter by absorbing UV and re-emitting blue light; migrating brighteners are restricted in hygiene products. Flushability Flushability is a product's ability to disperse and break down in water and sewage systems, tested against standards to prevent pipe clogs. Formaldehyde Content Formaldehyde content measures free formaldehyde in hygiene products; strict limits apply because it is a known irritant and allergen. Gel Blocking Gel blocking happens when surface SAP granules swell so fast they form a gel barrier that stops liquid reaching the dry core below, causing pooling and leaks. Leakage Prevention Leakage prevention is the combination of fit, absorbency, barriers and materials that keeps liquid inside a diaper or pad until change time. pH Value (Skin Compatibility) pH value measures how acidic or alkaline a product's surface or formula is; skin-compatible products target pH 4.5-6 to avoid irritation. Rewet Rate Rewet rate measures how much liquid returns to a diaper's surface under pressure after absorption — the lower it is, the drier the skin stays. SFC (Saline Flow Conductivity) SFC (Saline Flow Conductivity) measures how easily liquid flows through swollen SAP gel layers — higher SFC means better liquid distribution and less gel blocking. Skin-Friendly pH Skin-friendly pH means a product is formulated near skin's natural acidic pH (4.5-6) to protect the skin barrier and minimize irritation. Total Absorbent Capacity Total absorbent capacity is the maximum liquid a product can hold at saturation, a key spec for overnight diapers and heavy-flow pads. Total Absorptive Capacity Total absorptive capacity is the maximum liquid a diaper or pad core can hold before saturation, expressed as a volume or weight multiple. Ultrasonic Bonding Ultrasonic bonding joins nonwoven or film layers using high-frequency vibration that melts polymer at contact points, replacing glue in some hygiene product seams. Whiteness Index Whiteness index measures a material's natural whiteness without fluorescent brighteners, letting manufacturers achieve bright white without chemical additives. Wood Pulp Composite Core A wood pulp composite core uses processed pulp (like airlaid) in a structured composite, offering thin, even absorbency for pads and light diapers. WVTR (Water Vapor Transmission Rate) WVTR measures how much water vapor passes through a diaper backsheet per unit area and time, quantifying true breathability.

Product Types & Categories 56

纸尿裤/卫生巾/湿巾品类与使用场景

100% Organic Cotton Pads 100% organic cotton pads use certified organic cotton for the topsheet (and sometimes core), offering low-allergen, breathable, pesticide-free protection. Adhesive Remover Wipes Adhesive remover wipes dissolve medical tape and dressing adhesive residue from skin without pulling or damaging fragile skin. Adult Diapers Adult diapers are absorbent underwear for incontinence, designed for moderate to heavy urine and stool containment in older adults and bedridden patients. Adult Incontinence Adult incontinence is the involuntary loss of bladder or bowel control in adults, managed with products ranging from light pads to heavy-duty briefs. Adult Incontinence Pants Adult incontinence pants are pull-on absorbent underwear for mobile users with moderate incontinence, worn and removed like regular underwear. Baby Bottom Wipes Baby bottom wipes are wet wipes formulated for cleaning the diaper area — gentle, pH-balanced and effective at removing stool and urine without irritation. Bed Bath Wipes Bed bath wipes are large, thick no-rinse wipes used to wash a bedridden person’s body without water. Cooling Wipes Cooling wipes are wipes infused with a cooling agent such as menthol that creates a refreshing sensation on the skin, used in hot weather or for fever management. Cottony Soft Pads Cottony soft pads use soft nonwoven topsheets for a gentle, cloth-like feel, preferred by sensitive-skin users over mesh surfaces. Day-Use Sanitary Pads Day-use sanitary pads are medium-length pads (about 240-275mm) designed for regular menstrual flow during daytime hours. Diaper Sizes Diaper sizes (NB, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or NB/S/M/L/XL) correspond to baby weight ranges, ensuring fit, comfort and leak prevention. Dry-Mesh Sanitary Pads Dry-mesh sanitary pads use a perforated film topsheet that channels liquid into the core quickly, keeping the surface dry for heavy-flow users. Dry-Mesh vs Cottony Topsheets Dry-mesh and cottony are the two main pad topsheet types: mesh is fast-drying for heavy flow, cottony is soft for sensitive skin — the core choice in pad selection. Feminine Hygiene Wipes Feminine hygiene wipes are pH-balanced wipes designed for the external intimate area, typically with a mildly acidic formula and no harsh soaps. FlexFoam Pads FlexFoam pads are sanitary pads built on flexible foam absorbent cores, offering thinness, body-conforming comfort and anti-clumping performance. Flushable Wet Wipes Flushable wet wipes are moist toilet wipes made from materials that disperse in water, designed to be flushed safely without clogging pipes. Hand & Mouth Baby Wipes Hand & mouth baby wipes are food-grade wet wipes safe for wiping a baby's hands, face and mouth, with edible-grade ingredients and no harmful additives. Heavy Incontinence Briefs Heavy incontinence briefs are taped adult diapers with 1000ml+ capacity, designed for severe incontinence, overnight use and bedridden care. Hypoallergenic Hypoallergenic describes products formulated to minimize the risk of allergic reactions, typically by excluding common irritants such as fragrances, dyes and latex. Hypoallergenic Certified Hypoallergenic certified means a product has passed dermatological testing (like Dermatest) confirming a very low risk of allergic reaction. Incontinence Clean Wipes Incontinence clean wipes are thick, barrier-cream-infused wipes used to clean the perineal area during adult brief changes. Incontinence Pads Incontinence pads are thin absorbent pads worn in underwear for light bladder leaks, similar to sanitary pads but with higher urine absorbency. Kitchen Degreasing Wipes Kitchen degreasing wipes are strong nonwoven wipes saturated with alkaline surfactants designed to cut grease on surfaces. Light Incontinence Liners Light incontinence liners are slim absorbent pads designed for small, occasional urine leaks such as those from coughing or sneezing. Liquid Material Pads Liquid material pads use a flexible foam absorbent core (like FlexFoam) instead of pulp, delivering thinness, shape-adaptation and anti-clumping comfort. Lochia Measuring Underpad A lochia measuring underpad is a postpartum absorbent pad with a printed scale to help monitor postpartum bleeding volume. Makeup Remover Wipes Makeup remover wipes are pre-moistened nonwoven cloths formulated with surfactants and oils to dissolve and lift cosmetics off the skin. Maternity Pads Maternity pads are extra-long, high-absorbency sanitary pads designed for postpartum bleeding (lochia), some with measuring grids to monitor blood loss. Men Incontinence Shields Men incontinence shields are funnel-shaped absorbent guards worn inside underwear for light post-void dripping. Menstrual Cup A menstrual cup is a reusable, medical-grade silicone device inserted into the vagina to collect menstrual flow instead of absorbing it. Mini Pads Mini pads are short sanitary pads (about 150-190mm) for light flow days, spotting or the start and end of periods. Moderate Incontinence Pants Moderate incontinence pants are pull-on absorbent garments for moderate urine loss, typically absorbing 500–800 ml, worn like regular underwear. Newborn Diapers (Size NB) Newborn diapers (size NB) are the smallest diaper size, designed for babies under about 5kg, with features like an umbilical cord notch and extra gentle fit. Night-Use Sanitary Pads Night-use sanitary pads are longer pads (about 290-420mm) with wider rear sections, designed to prevent back leakage during sleep. Overnight Diapers Overnight diapers are high-absorbency diapers designed for 8-12 hours of continuous wear, with extra core capacity and better leak protection for sleep. Panty Liners Panty liners are thin absorbent pads worn daily to absorb light discharge, protect underwear, or extend pad protection — lighter than sanitary pads. Panty Liners Panty liners are thin absorbent pads worn daily for light discharge, spotting or pad backup — lighter than sanitary pads with lower absorbency. Period Pants Period pants are underwear-style menstrual products with built-in absorbent layers, offering 360-degree leak protection, ideal for heavy nights and active days. Pet Cleaning Wipes Pet cleaning wipes are nonwoven wipes formulated with a pH suitable for animal skin (about 7.0–7.5) for cleaning paws, coats and messes. Potty Training Pants Potty training pants are diapers or underwear designed to help toddlers recognize wetness and transition from diapers to using the toilet. Pressure Sore Prevention Pad Pressure sore prevention pads are high-ventilation pads that reduce skin pressure and moisture for bedridden users at risk of bedsores. Pull-Ups (Training Pants) Pull-ups are pull-on diaper pants designed for mobile toddlers, with tear-away side seams for easy changes and often used during potty training. Pure Water Wipes Pure water wipes contain only purified water (plus minimal safe preservatives) with no fragrance, alcohol or additives — the simplest formula for newborn skin. Sanitizing / Disinfecting Wipes Sanitizing and disinfecting wipes kill germs on surfaces or hands using alcohol or quaternary ammonium — never for baby skin or mouths. Sanitizing Wipes Sanitizing wipes are wipes pre-saturated with a disinfectant (such as quaternary ammonium or 75% alcohol) that kills germs on hard surfaces. Sensitive Skin Wipes Sensitive skin wipes are formulated with minimal, gentle ingredients — no fragrance, alcohol or harsh preservatives — for reactive and newborn skin. Severe Incontinence Briefs Severe incontinence briefs are high-capacity tape-closure absorbent garments, typically over 1000 ml, designed for heavy or overnight incontinence. Side Guards (Leak Barriers) Side guards are raised barriers along a pad's edges that block liquid from escaping sideways, adding leak protection beyond wings. Swim Diapers Swim diapers are water-resistant diapers designed to contain solid waste in pools without absorbing water, so they do not swell or weigh the baby down. Tampon A tampon is an internal menstrual product, usually cotton or rayon, inserted into the vagina to absorb menstrual flow, with a removal string. Tape Diapers Tape diapers are diaper styles secured with adhesive tape tabs on the sides, typical for newborns and younger babies, offering easy fastening and re-fastening. Underpads Underpads are absorbent pads placed on beds, chairs or floors to protect surfaces from urine and moisture, used for incontinence, postpartum and bedridden care. Unscented Sanitary Pads Unscented sanitary pads contain no added fragrance, reducing allergy and irritation risk for sensitive users compared to scented alternatives. Wet Wipes Wet wipes are pre-moistened disposable cloths used for cleaning babies, hands, surfaces and more, made from nonwoven fabric with water-based liquid. Wingless Pads Wingless pads have no side flaps — a simpler, more discreet design suited to tight clothing, sleep and lighter flow. Wings (Side Flaps) Wings are foldable side flaps on sanitary pads that wrap around the underwear edges, securing the pad and preventing side leaks and shifting.

Health & Everyday Use 31

红屁屁/过敏等健康话题与使用技巧

Adult Diaper Change Signal Adult diaper change signals are cues — such as a wetness indicator color change or a damp, heavy feel — that tell caregivers when a brief should be changed. Alcohol Wipes on Mouth Alcohol wipes must never be used on the mouth, eyes or mucosa — alcohol stings, irritates and can be harmful if ingested; use food-grade wipes for these areas. Allergic Contact Dermatitis Allergic contact dermatitis is a skin rash caused by an immune reaction to a specific substance — such as a fragrance, dye or preservative — that the skin has become sensitized to. Back Leakage Prevention Back leakage is diaper fluid escaping from the waist area at the back, most common at night when a baby sleeps on their back. Barrier Cream Principle A barrier cream prevents diaper rash by forming a protective film on the skin that blocks moisture and irritants, using ingredients like zinc oxide or petroleum jelly. Bedridden Changing Skill Bedridden changing skill is the technique caregivers use to change an adult brief while the person stays lying down — rolling to one side, removing the soiled brief, and positioning a fresh one. Candidal Diaper Dermatitis Candidal diaper dermatitis is a diaper rash caused by a yeast (Candida) infection, appearing as bright red patches with small satellite spots, common in warm moist diaper areas. Contact Dermatitis Contact dermatitis is skin inflammation from touching an irritant (irritant type) or allergen (allergic type), the umbrella term behind most diaper rashes. Diaper Change Frequency Diaper change frequency is the recommended interval for changing diapers — roughly every 2 hours for newborns and every 3–4 hours for older infants, plus immediately after bowel movements. Diaper Rash Diaper rash is a common form of contact dermatitis on a baby's bottom, caused by prolonged moisture, friction and irritants in the diaper area. Diaper Too Large Signs Signs a diaper is too large include gaps at the legs, sagging, leaks around the edges and a loose waistband — fix by sizing down. Flushable Wipes vs Wet Wipes Flushable wipes disperse in water and can be flushed (when tested compliant); regular wet wipes use durable nonwoven that never breaks down and must go in the trash. Front-to-Back Wipe Front-to-back wipe is the recommended wiping direction — from the urethral area toward the anus — to prevent transferring bacteria that cause urinary tract infections. IAD (Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis) IAD is skin damage caused by prolonged contact with urine or stool in incontinence, ranging from redness to erosion — prevented by frequent changes and barrier care. Incontinence Odor Control Incontinence odor control is the technology in absorbent products that neutralizes urine odor, usually by adjusting pH and trapping ammonia. Irritant Contact Dermatitis Irritant contact dermatitis is non-allergic skin inflammation caused by direct contact with irritants — most diaper rashes are this type, from moisture, friction and irritants. Leg Chafing Marks Leg chafing marks are red indentations from diaper elastics digging into the thighs — usually a sign of too-small sizing or over-tight elastics. Menstrual Cup Vacuum Pain Menstrual cup vacuum pain is discomfort caused by the suction seal of a menstrual cup pressing on the vaginal wall, often felt during removal. Menstrual Stuffy & Itching Menstrual stuffiness and itching is discomfort from heat and moisture buildup under pads — reduced by breathable products and frequent changes. Overnight Leakage Solutions Overnight leakage solutions are practical fixes for nighttime diaper leaks — correct sizing, overnight-specific diapers and fit techniques. Pad Adhesive Residue Pad adhesive residue is the sticky mark left on underwear when a sanitary pad’s back adhesive transfers and bonds to the fabric. Pad Change Frequency Pad change frequency is the recommended interval for changing sanitary pads — generally every 2-3 hours regardless of flow, to maintain hygiene and prevent irritation or infection. Pull-Up Too Small Signs Signs a pull-up is too small include deep red marks on the waist or thighs, tabs stretched to the outermost position, and difficulty pulling on. Road Trip Incontinence Road trip incontinence planning covers the products and routines that let people manage incontinence comfortably during long car travel. Side Leakage Prevention Side leakage is diaper fluid escaping around the legs, usually caused by ill-fitting diapers or leg cuffs that were not pulled out properly. Tampon String Breakage Tampon string breakage is the rare event where the removal string tears during removal, making the tampon harder to retrieve. Tampon Usage Duration Tampon usage duration is the maximum safe wear time — change every 4-8 hours and never exceed 8 hours, to reduce the risk of Toxic Shock Syndrome. Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare but life-threatening bacterial infection associated with prolonged tampon use, caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus toxins. Wipe Allergic Reaction A wipe allergic reaction is contact dermatitis from an ingredient in wipes (fragrance, preservatives like MIT) — stop use, wash the area and switch to minimal formulas. Wipe Ingredient Assessment Wipe ingredient assessment is checking a wipe's formula for irritants and allergens — fragrance, alcohol, MIT/CMIT — using labels and safety databases (e.g., EWG). Zinc Oxide Ointment Zinc oxide ointment is a barrier cream that forms a protective layer on skin to block moisture and prevent diaper rash.

Standards & Regulations 17

国标、国际标准、安全认证与检测

CE Marking CE marking indicates a product meets European Union health, safety and environmental requirements, required for many products sold in the EU. Dermatest Certified Dermatest certification means a product passed independent dermatological patch testing with low irritation, backing 'very good' or 'excellent' skin-friendliness claims. EDANA Standards EDANA standards are European test methods and industry definitions for nonwovens and absorbent hygiene products, used worldwide for quality testing. Ethylene Oxide Residue Ethylene oxide (EO) residue is the remaining sterilizing gas in EO-sterilized medical-grade products; limits ensure it is below safe exposure levels. FDA Registration FDA registration refers to U.S. Food and Drug Administration requirements for medical devices and certain hygiene products, including establishment registration and product clearance. FSC Certification FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) certification proves wood pulp and paper-based materials come from responsibly managed, sustainable forests. GB 15979 (Hygiene Standard) GB 15979 is China's mandatory hygiene standard for disposable sanitary products, setting microbial limits and safety requirements for diapers, pads and wipes. GB/T 27728 (China Wipes Standard) GB/T 27728 is the Chinese national standard for wet wipes, covering liquid content, dimensions, pH, hygiene and performance requirements. GB/T 28004 (China Diaper Standard) GB/T 28004 is the Chinese national standard for disposable diapers, diaper pants and pads, specifying quality, safety and test requirements. GB/T 40276 (Flushable Wipes Standard) GB/T 40276 is the Chinese national standard for flushable wipes, specifying dispersibility and degradation requirements so wipes break down safely in sewage systems. GB/T 8939 (China Sanitary Pad Standard) GB/T 8939 is the Chinese national standard for sanitary pads and panty liners, covering absorbency, dimensions, pH and safety requirements. INDA Standards INDA standards are North American test methods and industry guidelines for nonwovens and absorbent hygiene products, referenced globally in product specs. ISO 13485 (Medical Devices QMS) ISO 13485 is the international quality management standard for medical devices, applied to higher-grade hygiene products like sterile pads and incontinence care. ISO 9001 (Quality Management) ISO 9001 is an international quality management system standard that certifies a manufacturer's processes consistently meet quality and customer requirements. Medical Grade Disinfection Medical grade disinfection is sterilization to a sterile level (via ethylene oxide or irradiation) used for medical-grade hygiene products like sterile pads and hospital care items. OEKO-TEX Standard 100 OEKO-TEX Standard 100 is an independent certification system that tests textile and hygiene products for harmful substances. TCF Certification (Totally Chlorine Free) TCF (Totally Chlorine Free) certification confirms pulp was bleached without any chlorine compounds, reducing dioxin formation and environmental impact.

Manufacturing & Supply Chain 51

生产工艺、设备与 B2B 采购术语

Auto Case Packer An auto case packer automatically picks finished product packs, inserts them into cartons and seals the cases with tape or glue. Auto Lid Applicator An auto lid applicator uses vision-guided robotics to place the plastic flip lid onto soft-pack wipes. Auto-Rejection System An auto-rejection system is a production mechanism that automatically removes defective products from the line using air blasts or diverters. Bonded Warehouse Dropshipping Bonded warehouse dropshipping stores imported hygiene products in bonded warehouses (duty unpaid) and ships orders directly to customers, deferring duties until sale. Cast Film Extruder A cast film extruder melts plastic resin and casts it into a flat film, the starting material for diaper backsheets. Changeover Time Changeover time is how long a production line takes to switch from one product spec (e.g., diaper size M to L) to another. Clean-in-Place System A clean-in-place (CIP) system automatically cleans pipes, tanks and dosing equipment without disassembly, using circulated cleaning solutions. Composite Core Machine A composite core machine is production equipment that builds wood-pulp-free absorbent cores by combining multiple nonwoven layers with SAP in precise patterns. Core Forming Drum A core forming drum is the vacuum-equipped rotary component that shapes fluff pulp and SAP into the diaper absorbent core. Cross Folding Machine A cross folding machine cuts and folds nonwoven wipes into a stackable zigzag pattern so each wipe pulls out easily. Dosing and Drenching System A dosing and drenching system meters and applies the exact liquid weight to each wipe during manufacturing. Dust Collection System A dust collection system is an air-filtration setup that removes airborne fibers and dust created when fluff pulp is defibered in absorbent core production. Elastic Tension Control Elastic tension control is the precision regulation of stretch ratio when elastics (typically spandex) are applied, preventing fit that is too tight or too loose. FBA Labelling & Prep FBA labelling and prep are the packaging, labelling and inspection services that prepare hygiene products for Amazon Fulfillment by Amazon warehouses. Full High-Speed Production Line A full high-speed production line makes diapers or pads at 600-1000 pieces per minute using servo control, automated splicing and inline inspection. Full Servo System A full servo system is an all-electric machine drive architecture where every motion axis uses servo motors for precise speed and phase control. Glue Coating GSM Glue coating GSM is the grams of hot-melt adhesive applied per square meter — typically 1.5–3 gsm — balancing bond strength against cost and stiffness. GMP Cleanroom Standard GMP cleanroom standards define air cleanliness levels (e.g., 100,000-class) in hygiene product manufacturing to control microbial and particulate contamination. GPO Bulk Purchasing GPO bulk purchasing is when multiple buyers (or brands) pool orders for materials like SAP and fluff pulp to get volume pricing. Hammer Mill Pulper A hammer mill pulper is a high-speed machine that breaks solid wood pulp sheets into fluffy cellulose fibers for absorbent cores. LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) Life cycle assessment (LCA) measures a product’s environmental impact from raw material extraction through manufacturing, use and disposal. Material Waste Rate Material waste rate is the share of raw materials lost to trims, rejects and setup during production — lower waste means higher efficiency and lower cost. Metal Detector A metal detector in hygiene manufacturing is an in-line QC device that screens finished products for metal fragments from broken needles or machine wear. MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity) MOQ is the smallest order quantity a factory accepts for a production run, affecting pricing, packaging and inventory decisions for buyers. OBM (Original Brand Manufacturer) OBM means a factory develops, produces and sells products under its own brand, moving up from OEM/ODM to own-brand operation. ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) ODM means a factory designs and manufactures a product that a buyer then sells under its own brand — the factory owns the design, the buyer owns the brand. OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) OEE measures how effectively a production line uses its time — availability × performance × quality — a key metric for hygiene manufacturing efficiency. OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) OEM means a factory produces products to a buyer's brand and specifications — the buyer owns the brand, the factory owns the production. One-Touch Spec Change One-touch spec change is an automated production feature that switches product size or specifications via servo settings, without manual mechanical retooling. Online Thickness Gauge An online thickness gauge is a sensor that continuously measures the thickness (basis weight uniformity) of nonwoven or film during production. Online Vision Inspection Online vision inspection uses industrial cameras and AI to detect defects, foreign objects and print errors in real time on hygiene production lines. Online Wet Weight Checker An online wet weight checker continuously weighs freshly dosed wet wipes to verify the liquid-to-substrate ratio stays within tolerance. Palletizing Robot A palletizing robot automatically stacks cartons of finished hygiene products onto pallets in a stable pattern. Per-Unit Cost Per-unit cost is the manufacturing cost of one diaper, pad or wipe — materials, labor, overhead and waste — the base for pricing and margin. Private Label Private label means a retailer or brand sells products manufactured by another factory under its own brand — the standard model for store-brand diapers, pads and wipes. RFID Tag Ingestion RFID tag ingestion is the embedding of a radio-frequency identification chip into a product during production for smart monitoring or authentication. Rotary Cutter A rotary cutter is a high-speed rotating die that cuts diapers and pads into their final contoured shape on the production line. SAP Dosing Mixer An SAP dosing mixer blends superabsorbent polymer resin with fluff pulp in precise ratios to build consistent absorbent cores. SAP Volumetric Feeder An SAP volumetric feeder meters superabsorbent polymer granules into the core at an exact, repeatable rate. Shrink Wrapping Machine A shrink wrapping machine bundles multiple products in a plastic film that shrinks tightly around them when heated. Slot Die Coating Slot die coating is an adhesive application method that extrudes a continuous, flat film of hot-melt adhesive through a narrow slot onto a surface. Spiral Spraying Spiral spraying is an adhesive application method that deposits hot-melt glue in a spiral pattern, balancing bond strength with flexibility and breathability. Spunlace Production Line A spunlace production line manufactures spunlace nonwoven by entangling fibers with high-pressure water jets. Stain Defect Detector A stain defect detector uses machine vision to catch dark spots, dirt, insects or oil contamination on nonwoven and film surfaces in real time. Steam-in-Place System (SIP) A steam-in-place system is a sterilization process that cleans pipes and tanks in place using high-temperature steam, without disassembly. Tension Sensor A tension sensor measures the force on moving web material in real time, enabling closed-loop control that prevents stretching or slack. Ultrasonic Edge Sealing Ultrasonic edge sealing is a bonding method that uses high-frequency vibration to melt and fuse nonwoven edges without glue or heat exposure to the product. UV Sterilization Lamp A UV sterilization lamp is a germicidal ultraviolet light source used in production areas and lines to reduce microbial load on surfaces. Vision-Guided Gluing Vision-guided gluing is an automated adhesive application process that uses cameras to track product position and spray adhesive precisely. Yellowing Index The yellowing index measures how much a material (typically hot-melt adhesive or white nonwoven) turns yellow over time or under heat. Zero-Speed Splicer A zero-speed splicer joins a new material roll to an expiring one without stopping the production line, enabling continuous high-speed operation.

We do not provide medical advice. Product information is based on public sources; see individual pages for references.